Saturday,Aug 09, 2025 
Typical Clinical Symptoms of Hypothyroidism
Symptoms: fatigue, chills, weight gain, memory loss, constipation, dry skin, hair loss, hoarseness, etc.
Physical Signs: edema of the face or extremities (myxedema), bradycardia, and decreased reflexes.
The severity of symptoms correlates with the degree of hypothyroidism, but lacks specificity, requiring laboratory testing for diagnosis.
Laboratory Test Standards
Thyroid Function Indicators:
Primary hypothyroidism (lesions in the thyroid gland): elevated TSH (> upper limit of reference value), decreased FT4 (< lower limit of reference value).
Central hypothyroidism (lesions in the pituitary or hypothalamus): normal or slightly low TSH, decreased FT4.
Subclinical hypothyroidism: elevated TSH, normal FT4.
Antibody Testing:
Positive results for anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) indicate hypothyroidism caused by autoimmune thyroiditis (such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis).
Other Ancillary Tests:
Elevated blood cholesterol and triglycerides may occur; some patients may experience anemia (normocytic or microcytic).
Etiology Screening and Imaging Studies
Thyroid Ultrasound: Assess thyroid size and structural abnormalities (such as diffuse lesions in Hashimoto's thyroiditis).
1.Pituitary MRI/CT: Examination of the pituitary and hypothalamus is indicated when central hypothyroidism is suspected.
2.Thyroid iodine uptake or radionuclide scanning: Used to differentiate between destructive thyroid lesions (such as thyroiditis) and congenital hypothyroidism.
Medcines to treat hypothyrodism
Levothyroxine is a s synthetic (man-made) medcine to treat hypothyrodism,it only contains T4(thyroxine). T4 is a storage hormone whose only role is to convert into T3, which is the active thyroid hormone used by cells and tissues in your body,while some patients don't convert T4 to T3.
Natural desiccated thyroid (NDT) is a thyroid hormone replacement medication in continuous use since the early 1900s. It was the first treatment for hypothyroidism and the only available treatment for the first half of the twentieth century. It is a natural source combination L-T4 (Levothyroxine ) and L-T3 ( Liothyronine) hormones. Thyroid powder is easily absorbed by human body and have less side effects compared to synthetic drugs.
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